Topic: Direct Access

Summary of Limitations

Type of Limitations and Provisions # of States
Visit or Time Limit 27
Limitations to certain patient populations or under certain circumstances 8
Referral required for specific treatment intervention 6
Certain qualifications required of PT 9
No referral required for fitness & wellness 13


Types of Direct Access

State Level of Patient Access Visit or Time Limit Limitations to Certain Patient Populations or Under Certain Circumstances Referral Required for Specific Treatment Intervention Certain Qualifications Required of PT No Referral Required for Fitness & Wellness (Note)
Alabama Limited (Reference: AL Code Section 34-24-210.1) Yes (Reference: AL Code Section 34-24-210.1) Yes (Reference: AL Code Section 34-24-210.1) Yes (Reference: AL Code Section 34-24-210.1)
Alaska Unrestricted (Reference: 12 AK Admin Code 54.500.)
Arizona Unrestricted (Reference: AZ Code Title 32, Ch 19, 32-2041 AZ Adm Code Ch 24, Article 3, R4 - 24 - 301)
Arkansas Provisions (Reference: AR Code 17-93-102) Yes (Reference: AR Code 17-93-102)
California Provisions (Reference: CA Code Chapter 5.7, Sec 2620.1) Yes (Reference: CA Code Chapter 5.7, Sec 2620.1)
Colorado Unrestricted
Connecticut Provisions (Reference: CT Code, Chapter 376, Sec 31-275) Yes (Reference: CT Code, Chapter 376, Sec 31-275) Yes (Reference: CT Code, Chapter 376, Sec 31-275)
Delaware Provisions (Reference: DE Admin Code, 2600.1.1.1) Yes (Reference: DE Admin Code, 2600.1.1.1)
District of Columbia Provisions (Reference: DC Admin Code 6710.13) Yes (Reference: DC Admin Code 6710.13)
West Virginia Unrestricted (Reference: WV Code, §30-20-9)
Florida Provisions (Reference: FL Code, Chapter 486.021) Yes (Reference: FL Code, Chapter 486.021) Yes (Reference: FL Code, Chapter 486.021)
Georgia Provisions (Reference: GA Code, § 43-33-18) Yes (Reference: GA Code, § 43-33-18) Yes (Reference: GA Code, § 43-33-18) Yes (Reference: GA Code, § 43-33-18)
Hawaii Unrestricted (Reference: HI Code, §16-110-3)
Idaho Unrestricted
Illinois Limited (Reference: IL Code, 225 ILCS 90/1, Chapter 111,4251, sec 1) Yes (Reference: IL Code, 225 ILCS 90/1, Chapter 111,4251, sec 1)
Indiana Provisions (Reference: IN Code, Section 3. IC 25-27-1-2.5) Yes (Reference: IN Code, Section 3. IC 25-27-1-2.5) Yes (Reference: IN Code, Section 3. IC 25-27-1-2.5)
Kansas Provisions (Reference: KS Code, 65-2921) Yes (Reference: KS Code, 65-2921) Yes (Reference: KS Code, 65-2921) Yes (Reference: KS Code, 65-2921) Yes (Reference: KS Code, 65-2921)
Kentucky Unrestricted (Reference: KY Code, 201 KAR 22:010)
Louisiana Provisions (Reference: LA R.S. 37:2418) Yes (Reference: LA R.S. 37:2418) Yes (Reference: LA R.S. 37:2418)
Maine Provisions (Reference: ME Code, Title 32 §3113-A.) Yes (Reference: ME Code, Title 32 §3113-A.) Yes (Reference: ME Code, Title 32 §3113-A.) Yes (Reference: ME Code, Title 32 §3113-A.)
Maryland Unrestricted
Massachusetts Unrestricted Yes
Michigan Provisions (Reference: MI Code 333 §17820.1) Yes (Reference: MI Code 333 §17820.1) Yes (Reference: MI Code 333 §17820.1)
Minnesota Provisions (Reference: MN Code 148.7) Yes (Reference: MN Code 148.7) Yes (Reference: MN Code 148.7)
Mississippi Limited (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-35) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-35) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506) Yes (Reference: MS Code § 73-23-35)
Missouri Provisions (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506) Yes (Reference: MO Code, Chapter 334.506)
Montana Unrestricted (Reference: MT Code, Chapter 37-11-104)
Nebraska Unrestricted (Reference: NE Code, Chapter 328-A:9)
Nevada Unrestricted
New Hampshire Provisions (Reference: NH Code, 328-A:9) Yes (Reference: NH Code, 328-A:9) Yes (Reference: NH Code, 328-A:9)
New Jersey Provisions (Reference: NJ Code, Chapter 39) Yes (Reference: NJ Code, Chapter 39)
New Mexico Provisions (Reference: NM Code, Title 16, Chapter 20 16.20.10.8) Yes (Reference: NM Code, Title 16, Chapter 20 16.20.10.8) Yes (Reference: NM Code, Title 16, Chapter 20 16.20.10.8) Yes (Reference: NM Code, Title 16, Chapter 20 16.20.10.8)
New York Provisions (Reference: NY Code, Article 136, Part 77, § 6731.) Yes (Reference: NY Code, Article 136, Part 77, § 6731.) Yes (Reference: NY Code, Article 136, Part 77, § 6731.)
North Carolina Unrestricted (Reference: NC Code, G.S. 90-270..90(4))
North Dakota Unrestricted
Ohio Provisions (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48) Yes (Reference: OH Code, Chapter 4755.48)
Oklahoma Provisions (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17 A.) Yes (Reference: OK Code 59 Section 887.17 A.)
Oregon Unrestricted (Reference: OR Code 688.132)
Pennsylvania Provisions (Reference: PA Code § 40.61) Yes (Reference: PA Code § 40.61) Yes (Reference: PA Code § 40.61)
Puerto Rico None
Rhode Island Provisions (Reference: RI Code R5-40-PT/PTA Part II Section 7.0) Yes (Reference: RI Code R5-40-PT/PTA Part II Section 7.0) Yes (Reference: RI Code R5-40-PT/PTA Part II Section 7.0)
South Carolina Provisions (Reference: SC Code, Chapter 45, SECTION 40-45-110.) Yes (Reference: SC Code, Chapter 45, SECTION 40-45-110.)
South Dakota Unrestricted
Tennessee Provisions (Reference: TN Code, Chapter 1150-1) Yes (Reference: TN Code, Chapter 1150-1)
Texas Limited (Reference: TX Code, Chapter 453, Sec. 453.302 TX Admin Code, §322.1) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Chapter 453, Sec. 453.302 TX Admin Code, §322.1) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Chapter 453, Sec. 453.302 TX Admin Code, §322.1) Yes (Reference: TX Code, Chapter 453, Sec. 453.302 TX Admin Code, §322.1)
Utah Unrestricted
Vermont Unrestricted
Virgin Islands Provisions
Virginia Provisions (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482) No Yes (Reference: VA Code, Chapter 34 § 54.1-3482)
Washington Provisions (Reference: WA Code, RCW 18.74.012-.016) Yes
Wisconsin Provisions (Reference: WI Code, §448.56) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56) Yes (Reference: WI Code, §448.56)
Wyoming Unrestricted (Reference: WY Code, 33-25-102)
Iowa Unrestricted (Reference: IA Code, Chapter 148A.1)